Cultural Diversity of Russian Population - 1511 Words

CULTURAL DIVERSITY OF RUSSIAN POPULATION 2 Cross cultural issues arise from differences in values, behavior and thinking between Americans and people from other countries. Misunderstandings frequently result from cultural differences which lead to ineffective communication and implications for the healthcare system (Kaakinen, Gedaly-Duff, Coehlo, amp; Harmon Hansen, 2010). In order to provide a culturally competent care, a health care professional needs to know about the life ways of various cultures and their values and meanings which govern behavior. Population trends within the United States are increasingly†¦show more content†¦Russian people are very family oriented. Key word in Russian family life is ‘dependent’. Both in Russia and the United States, extended family members often live together relaying on each other for financial and emotional support, child care, and completion of household tasks. The male is generally the head of the family. Caring for children and all housework is a women’s Responsibility (Goscilo, amp; Holmgren, 2001). Elderly Russian persons are encouraged to stay CULTURAL DIVERSITY OF RUAAIN POPULATION 4 with their families. They see a residential care as the last option and assess other in-home support programs to prolong independence. Where a residential placement happens, this is due to loss of family members rather than the preference of the person. Leaving home and moving into any other community arrangement is the equivalent to losing their independence. Russians are very demonstrative culture and commonly perceived as being caring, kind and generous. Public physical contact is common among friends. With strangers and new acquaintances Russians prefer to speak and work in public zone. When trust has been established they express feelings freely with gestures, eye contact and compliments. The intimate zone is reserved for spouse, children and healthcare professionals providing care. When hospitalized,Show MoreRelatedThe Foreign Born Population Is A Nation Of Immigrant s865 Words   |  4 Pagessay that America is a nation of immigrants. The foreign-born population makes up high percentage of the U.S. population. According to a study from the Center for Immigration Studies, â€Å"the foreign-born population in the United States hit a record-high 41.3 million in July 2013. The study found that nearly one out of every 6 adults living in the U.S. is foreign-born† (Zeigler and Camarota, 2014). The expansion of the foreign-born population means that society also needs to increase social services andRead MoreRussia Case Study1117 Words   |  5 PagesThe Russian core has a lot of diversity and opportunity to offer its citizens. Rich industry, economic stability, and cultural developments that happen throughout this large stretch of land on the western side of the Ural Mountains. In this part of the realm there are many cities, but in focus the ones that are going to be broken down are: Moscow, St Petersburg, and Volgograd all due to their posi tion within the real and how they interact worldwide. Along with this large central hub comes a hugeRead MoreRussians and Br Essay969 Words   |  4 Pagesopinions. Some believed that there was a cultural, ethnic, and political connection among all Slavs. Others argued that there was no place for Pan-Slavic goals in the present empires. Above all, the cultural and political issues in the debate over Pan-Slavism were nationalism for ones race and a quest for power. br brIn 1871 Slavs occupied most of eastern and southern Europe. The Slavs came from many nations. They populated the Austro-Hungarian, German, Russian, and the Balkan Areas of the OttomanRead MoreThe Transcultural Assessment Model, Developed By Giger And Davidhizar846 Words   |  4 PagesModel, developed by Giger and Davidhizar (2006), focuses on assessment and intervention from a transcultural nursing perspective. In this model, the person is seen as a unique cultural being influenced by culture, ethnicity, and Religion. This model is comprised of six different main ideas, theses key points are part of all cultural groups. The first point is communication. The features that influence communication are worldwide; these features differ between cultures regarding nonverbal communicationRead MoreHealth Care Practices And Its Impact On An Individual s Health Essay1567 Words   |  7 Pagesand regard for healthcare employees vary across the different cultures. Patients differ due to various aspects. These differences constitute of patient illness, personality, socioeconomic class or education, however the most endless variation is cultural. Race, religion, language, education, ethnicity and economic status are the essence of culture that has a significant influence on an individual s health and wellbeing. Skills are crucial for ensuring that nursing care is culturally congruent; knowledgeRead MoreEthnic Differences Between Nationality And Ethnicity1561 Words   |  7 Pagesthat unifies a group of people. nationality - is loyalty and devotion to a nationality II. Multinational States A multi-ethnic state is a state that contains more than one ethnicity. Ethnicities, in some multi-ethnic states, contribute cultural features that then form one nationality. Multinational states contain two ethnic groups that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as different nationalities. In some multinational states, one nationality, especially if they areRead MoreThe Role Of International Organizations On Human Rights906 Words   |  4 Pages When I first began studying Russian my freshman year of college it was for the language and cultural education. In the next four years it became the catalyst for my dedication to the field of human rights. It was during this period that Russia was harshly criticized for its actions towards LGBT individuals and received even harsher criticism for its actions in Ukraine and the human rights implications. It was also during this time period that I studied abroad in Russia, and it was through my interactionsRead MoreGreetings from Grozny1006 Words   |  5 Pageseach nation about the war. The Chechens viewed the war as a political game, where they act as puns (Greetings from Grozny, 2002). Russians, on the other hand, viewed the war as a security operation, because they want to justify their occupations of Chechnya. Why do they want Chechnya? To fully understand the conflict, one must examine the cultural divisions among the Russians and Chechens, because it influenced the motives and t actics used during the war (Ho-Won Jeong, 2008). Importantly, the conflictRead MoreHeritage and the Immigrant Community in the United States: A Short Analysis794 Words   |  3 PagesHeritage Assessment and the Immigrant Community in the United States: A Short Analysis America is a nation of immigrants. This country was settled, built, and grown by immigrants. In other words, cultural diversity is not only a part of America, it is what makes America; in other words, it is the very definition of this country. The immigrant community in the U.S., however, is increasing daily, and with it must come a sense of self-analysis and introspection, so as to understand how immigrantsRead MoreRussian Jews During The Immigration Era1055 Words   |  5 Pages Russian Jews during the Immigration Era Kiara Sanchez US History Mr. Meyer Period 4 April 11, 2017 Life for the Russian Jewry from the period of 1880 to 1920 was not a life desired by anyone. The Jews were forced to live in harsh conditions, lost their ability to have certain jobs, and faced extreme violence from their neighbors, the Russian peasantry. Escaping to America was the only way they could ever live normal and safe lives. Jews were forced to live in the area known as â€Å"The

Effective Information About Adler s Theory - 1487 Words

The main purpose about this paper is to conduct and provide information about Adler’s theory, based on individual psychology that describes an individual who either strives for success or empowerment. Alfred Alder is a psychologist who studies based on societal and parent’s influences toward the child. Then, he/she would have a decision to make to obtain a certain personality. Children tend to have a capacity to pick onto what they want to have which is a creative power by the age 4-5, which is called sense of inferiority. In other words, they try having a sense of them self. Based on these terms between success and superiority they are described in two different interpretations. Success is a person who is striving for success, and the other individual who is striving for superiority, by having power is to belittle someone else just to feel great about them self. In other words, their focus would be all about them and would suggest that they’re always correct giv ing out statements that’s occurring or about the situation. In the other hand, there is a sense of how society also influences children at an early age, to choose a path to behave for and against others. Child learn at a young age, but as Adler states, the child chooses how to act and overturn it to its state of personality and which turns to influence in teaching their future child or how society roles with different perspectives and forms of personality to either strive for success or become superiority. In myShow MoreRelatedPsychopathy And Social Learning Theory And The Copycat Effect1224 Words   |  5 PagesChapters 4 of Adler, Mueller, and Laufer. The topics that will be discussed in this essay are psychopathy and â€Å"social learning theory and the copycat effect. These two topics have me intrigued to learn more about. In Adler, Mueller, and Laufer it left me questioning why these people commit such crimes and what motives or patterns might be linked to copy others. I also found interesting how â€Å"psychopathy is viewed as a serious illness even though patients may not appear to be ill† (Adler, Mueller, andRead MoreFamily Systems Therapy925 Words   |  4 PagesRunning Head: Family Systems Therapy Adlerian Family Therapy Chandra S. McCray Mississippi College Background Information Family systems therapy is based on the concept that individuals are best understood through evaluating the entire family. Symptoms in individuals are seen as a result in dysfunctions in their family system. The family is an interactional unit and a change in one member affects all members. Family therapists believe that an individual’s relations with family have moreRead MoreSigmund Freud And Alfred Adler1867 Words   |  8 Pagesand contrast the fundamental theory established by Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler. The areas of study for the theories they established were in personality and mental health. Sigmund Freud established the stages of personality and aspects of the human mind. Alfred Adler studied the individual as a whole. Their theories were quite different, but their main conflict was over the influence of sexuality in the human mind. Compare and Contrast: Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler Two of the well known andRead MoreGood Will Hunting And Sean Mcguire Essay1703 Words   |  7 Pagessurviving his everyday environment and culture (Adler 43). Fierce, foul-mouthed, and the use of your fists gains respect in the hard streets of Boston, and Will assumes the role. On the contrary, Will rarely exhibits his perceived or private self outwardly. These are the traits he feels are flaws but are in essence an actual self-examination of who he is, including his difficult upbringing, his insecurities, as well as his intellectual prowess (Adler, 43). Several times throughout the film, WillRead MoreCognitive Theory And Social Work1635 Words   |  7 PagesCognitive Theory in Social Work Cognitive Theory claims that behavior can be changed through changing faulty thinking, irrational thoughts, automatic thoughts, or learned cognitive misconceptions. When a client has negative images of themselves or their accomplishments, it sets the pace for their behavior, perceptions and expectations; when that thinking is exposed as faulty to the client, the client can then begin to change their behavior based upon restructured, truer images of reality. It hasRead MoreIs It Possible to Build Better Bureaucracies? Essay3233 Words   |  13 PagesIs it possible to build better bureaucracies? Introduction The conception of bureaucracy is one of the most dominant notions in both organization theory and social science. It plays a significant role in modern society. (Clawson, 1980) Ever since the basic characteristics of bureaucracy were formulated by Max Weber, it has been suffered from derogatory remarks and harsh criticism and from various perspectives. For example, feminists such as Kathy Fergusson (1984), liberals such as Mills (1951)Read MoreMajor Counseling Theories For School Counselors2843 Words   |  12 Pages Major Counseling Theories for School Counselors Kevin Gee Kutztown University â€Æ' Abstract This paper identifies the three major counseling theories that have been the most influential in the development of my ideas on counseling. The major points of Person-Centered Therapy, Adlerian Therapy, and Behavioral Therapy are looked at in brief. Each theory is then shown how a school counselor can apply them into their work with students. While one theory does not work for every situation in the schoolRead MoreThe Theory Used For This Particular Family1196 Words   |  5 Pages5. The theory used for this particular family really depends on what was revealed during the assessment. Based on what Sally stated, her family’s weekly schedule is â€Å"fairly hectic†, which could make attending regular therapy sessions difficult for everyone. If that is the case, they may benefit from a brief, solution-focused treatment during which the therapist will work with the family to examine alternatives/solutions to their presenting problems as opposed to the underlying root(s ) of the issueRead MoreHow Adlerian Theory Help Individuals Strive For Belong And Be Significant?2463 Words   |  10 Pages How Adlerian Theory Help Individuals Strive to Belong and Be Significant? Candice Hillman Georgia Regents University â€Æ' Overview of the Theory In 1902, Alfred Adler was invited by Freud to become his group to discuss new ideas in psychology after seeing him publicly defend some of his own ideas. Adler was an active member as well as vocal using this group as a forum to develop and debate his emerging ideas of the human condition (Fall, Holden, Marquis, 2004). Five years later, he developedRead MoreCritical Analysis of Depression1917 Words   |  8 PagesUniversity Word Count 1600 (excluding references) Abstract Currently attachment theory is widely used to understand adult interpersonal  and intrapersonal relationships such as depression. According to this theory and substantial body of evidence pessimistic thinking originates from early childhood attachment strategies, and has a major role in depression. As an adult according to the theory, negative cognitive schemas originate from primed attachment style, which both within a contextual

Executive Summary on Starbucks Free Essays

For the second week within accounting, Team B was assigned to choose an organization, and to research the annual financial reports from the last two-three fiscal years. As a Team, we have chosen to discuss and analyze the vast coffee franchise called Starbuck’s. While using Starbucks’ balance sheet, income statements, and cash flow chart, this will help us to determine how well Starbuck’s is doing with their consumers, and throughout the globe. We will write a custom essay sample on Executive Summary on Starbucks or any similar topic only for you Order Now So now let us start off with explaining a brief history for this successful company, along with all the data and records we were able to retrieve. A small coffee shop was opened in 1971 by three men, Zev Siegl, Gordon Bowker, and Jerry Baldwin in Seattle’s Pike Place Market; they named the shop Starbucks Coffee, Tea, and Spices. The retail company was successful in the sale of tea, spices, ground coffee, and roasted whole bean coffee. However, in 1980 Siegl sold his part of the business. In 1982, Baldwin hired Howard Schultz, a salesperson of plastic, into the Starbucks venture.After experiencing popular espresso bars in Milan while on a business trip Schultz discovers the potential for Seattle. Finally, Schultz shares his discovery of lattes and mochas with Seattle and the city instantly become fans of coffee (Gourmet Coffee Zone. com, 2008). Currently, Starbucks is enjoyed by millions of customers daily in over 50 countries and have facilities in more than 16,000 locations. Interestingly, the Starbucks name birth from the classic American novel, Moby Dick, written by the author Herman Melville.After the mid 80’s Starbucks continued to be a success to coffee drinking through-out the United States and eventually, the world. Following is the history of Starbucks road to success (Starbucks Corporation, 2010). †¢ 1987 – Starbucks opens stores in Vancouver and Chicago. †¢ 1988 – Full-time and part-time employees are offered full health benefits †¢ 1992 – Starbucks’ common stock is being traded under the trading symbol â€Å"SBUX† on the NASDAQ. †¢ 1996 – Begins selling bottled coffee drink through Pepsi-Cola. ? Japan store opens as the first store outside of North America 1997 – The Starbucks Foundations is established to benefit the local community. †¢ 1999 – Promotes to grow coffee in an environmentally safe way by partnering with Conservation International. †¢ 2002 – Becomes licensed to sell coffee as Fair Trade Certified in other countries. †¢ 2009 – Starbucks is the world’s largest buyer of Fair Trade Certified coffee (Starbucks Corporation, 2010). The Starbucks mission is â€Å"to inspire and nurture the human spirit – one person, one cup, and one neighborhood at a time† (Starbucks Corporation, 2010).Starbucks has an Audit and Compliance Committee (the â€Å"Committee†) to oversee internal audits, external audits, and accounting and financial reporting activities performed by Starbucks Corporation. The Committee is responsible for monitoring the company by reviewing Starbucks financial information that is provid ed to internal and external users. However, the Committee ensures that integrity is practiced on the board of directors. Furthermore, if needed, independent auditors are not restricted but accountable to the Committee.Ultimately, the Committee carries the responsibility to provide advice and guidance to board of directors to avoid oversight (Starbucks Corporation, 2010). In 1992, Starbucks first day of trading began at $17 per share and closed at $21. 50 per share. Starbucks Corporations is listed under the ticker symbol â€Å"SBUX† on the NASDAQ (Starbucks Corporation, 2010). As of September 28, 2008, Starbucks Corporation’s cash and cash equivalent was $269. 8 million for the end of the annual reporting period for 2008.At the end of the fiscal year of 2009, Starbucks reported a cash and cash equivalent of $599. 8 million on September 27, 2009 (Starbucks Corporation, 2010). In the Consolidated Statement of Earnings Report, the financial data included the specific fiscal years 2009, 2008 and 2007, and the net revenues, other operating expenses, interest income, interest expense, net income, and so forth. In another section, the data includes basic and diluted earnings per common share, basic and diluted weighted average number of common share outstanding.In the Balance Sheet section, the data includes working capital, total current assets, total current liabilities, long-debt and, shareholder’s equity, and cash dividends per common share, retained earnings. There is reference in the footnotes section that refer to further clarification on how the specified fiscal years as being restated and conforming to the adjustments, and refere ncing the goodwill and other intangible principles. The Cash Flows section data includes operating activities; net earnings such as, investment and financing activities, cash and cash equivalents and supplemental disclosure of cash flows.Finally the last statement represented was the Consolidated Statements Shareholder’s Equity. It presented the last three preceding 3 years’ common stock balance, net earnings, comprehensive income, and sale of stock and repurchase of common stock. Current Assets on a balance sheet are presented in order that allows them to be converted into cash easily, e. g. (cash, cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, inventories and property). Starbucks’ total current assets at the end of 2008 and 2009 reporting periods were 1,748. 0 and 2,035. 8 million.The two largest current assets reported by Starbucks in 2008 and 2009 were their inventory, which represented in millions totaled $692. 8 in 2008 and $664. 9 in 2009. Further, their total assets were reported as $5,672. 6 in 2008 and $5,576. 8 in 2009. Starbucks reported that their accounts payable had decreased from $324. 9 in 2008 to $267. 1 in 2009. Moving on, looking into Starbuck’s recent liabilities and the current net revenues shall be the next focal points for our executive summary. For Starbucks and the year 2008, this coffee franchise had a total current liability that equal to $2,189. million, then for 2009 Starbuck’s had a total liability of $1581. 0 million. The two largest current liabilities at the end of 2008 includes: notes payable/short term debts and accrued expenses throughout Starbuck’s business cycle for 2008. For 2009, the two largest liability sections involved accrued expenses, along with other current liabilities that were not listed in details. For Starbucks, their grand total liabilities at the end of 2008s most recent annual reporting periods were $3181. 7 million. Finally, at the end of 2009, the grand total for liabilities came out to $2531. million. Now let us focus on Starbuck’s net revenue for the last three annual reporting periods. Within the year 2007, Starbucks had the total net revenue of $9411. 5 million, for 2008 the revenue was at $10,383. 0 million, than finally for 2009 their current revenue consisted of $9,774. 6 million. Going forward towards the net income, in 2007 Starbuck’s reported having $672. 64 million, for 2008 their income was at $315. 5 million, than finally in 2009 Starbuck’s jumped up in numbers with a total of $390. 8 million in current net income.The change in dollar amount from Starbuck’s net income in 2008 to 2009 was an increase of $75. 3 million. With all this information and data collected and analyzed, it is interesting for us as a Team to visualize just how complex and accurate accounting has to be, especially for such a large corporation! All financial information must be taken into account, and leaving out any details, no matter how small they may be, is likely to change the current information which leads to confusion and inaccurate reporting.For an organization as immense as Starbuck’s, it takes time and commitment to ensure everything department runs efficiently, and for all the coffee lovers out there, we’re sure they’re very grateful indeed. 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Success Careers Increasing Global Economy â€Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss About The Success Careers Increasing Global Economy? Answer: Introducation According to the 2017 ATO graduate job position, the attributes that the employers are looking for when hiring recent graduates encompasses better educational background that will enhance their growth and productivity (Armendriz, and Labie, 2011). Diverse employers also look for quality skills and experiences on each predetermined field because this aspect will enable the company continues with its operation. Accounting or Commerce is one of the ATO graduate program stream that I am interested in because it prepares me for successful careers in the ever increasing global economy. The program also provides me with wide skills and knowledge that will assist me in making decisions about investments. Accounting or Commerce graduate program stream is an important program because it prepares me for successful careers in the ever increasing global economy. In this program, obtaining a wide range of chronological learning and understanding of accounting, comprising of a logic of development overtime, and a gratitude of the cultures (Awrey, Blair, and Kershaw, 2013). Funds management is one discipline specific skills needed for accounting concept. This is because it enables an individual to have a better knowledge in the management of personal and company funds to ensure that there is the reasonable utilization of available funds in profit making portfolios. Consequently, attaining the confidence to assume self-directed knowledge, making the utmost efficient use of resources and time, and gradually defining individuals goals and questions are some of the transferable skills needed. This is important because an individual who has a significant interest in accounting will have the capability to utilize the skills in his or her day to day business operations (Chen, Shin and Yang, 2012). Analytic skills gained from the program will enhance the capability to understand and synthesize complex content, problem solving, deliberate the big image while managing particulars, apply innovative research approaches, make resolutions consistently about theoretical information, and exercise best judgment. Basically, I believe that I meet the ATOs expectations because my strengths lie in my academic background and the ability to engage myself with the program (Bowie, 2017). During my class period, I joined the International Business Program and Entrepreneurship class (Chun, Shin, Choi, and Kim, 2013). This was important to me because I realized that the skills and knowledge I gained from the program could assist me in my ambition of becoming a great accountant, bank investor or a business person. The ability to understand as aspect easily would also enhance my expectations, accounting skills needed for the program was instrumental because of the capability to adapt and learn at a great level, self-confident, and respond suitably to large extents of information that were needed. Possession of the required skills and knowledge will enable individuals in the organization to perform their duties with minimal supervision and ensures higher production of the company (Christensen, Peirce, Har tman, Hoffman, and Carrier, 2007). This is vital because having a strong academic base from a higher institution will provide the needed skills that will be utilized in the day to day employment opportunities. Ability to communicate is another strength. This is vital because it enhances my ability to rationally organize diverse material for other, enable discussions and speak up efficiently. Basically, my strengths lie to this aspect because it often enhances the capability to work with others in the work station. In this case, conflict resolution is an area that I need improvement because resolving diverse conflicts that arise in the organization is a significant activity that is needed for each employee. Employers often need conflict solving individuals because they will enhance unity among other employees in the work places (Armendriz, and Labie, 2011). Ethics and integrity are vital aspects because of control of these appropriate professional and personal values and the capability to make better decisions based on these in work connected situations. Basing on the relevance of this case, learning MAA250 will help me meeting ATOs expectation by providing me with necessary skills that are needed by the organization. It will also offer me the opportunity to develop my career in a dynamic and high-profile national organization which provides diverse work experiences that prepare an individual for exciting career paths. From the action plan perspective, the action plan is still appropriate because it basically offers me with the suitable guidelines that guide me in my day to day operations. Action plans aspect should be maintained and used effectively because it guides us on most of the operations (Boatright, 2013). This document lists the steps that should be taken so as to attain a specific objective. This action plan is appropriate because it helps us to elucidate the resources needed to reach the objective, formulate a framework when precise tasks needs to be accomplished and determine the required resources. Since I joined the first year, I have further developed KSAs. Action plan ATO position learning: Basing on the aspect that most of the employees presently work below production level, my goal is that by February 2018, I will improve my capability in my work. I will quantify the progress towards these objectives via monthly evaluations. Professional practice: In order, to attain this objective,ATO will offer me with knowledge that consist of writing prospects on a monthly basis, comprising of skill-directed from accounting or Commerce program (Ferrell, and Fraedrich, 2015). I will monitor my accounting or commerce graduate program learnings by tracking the frequency and type of my duty and gathering a section of the response that I offer. Action Text: Activities/experiences Timeline (or) Frequency: Start preparing my networks and business relations T2 Study starts with selecting Accounting as Major subject Make Deakin Talent profile, LinkedIn profile, Curriculum Vitae Get real life working experience January Working with associates to share ideas based on the accounting or commerce program. Look For Internships in Accounting, volunteer work, try to enter the industry This activity will offer us with better skills and knowledge needed for our work. February - March Plainly model the mechanisms of a high quality open feedback and create opportunities to exercise these at work at least monthly. Exemplars and strategies developed with colleagues, March - April Research in for the future expectations of the industry and its trends This will assist me to gain required skills April - May Make full use of time and opportunity by getting work experiences at training, part-time job, internships, etc. This activity will offer us with better skills and knowledge needed for our work. May - June Try to build up the soft personal skills Exemplars and strategies developed with colleagues, June - July Get real life working experience Achieve good results July - August Try to build a strong character in the organization working with my other colleagues This will assist me to gain required skills August - December Provide managers with explicit feedback on their open responses. Plan for future (Next 12 months) This will assist me to gain required skills February - January Part B: ATO Tax Fraud Scandal In May 2017, the Australian Tax Office (ATO) was involved in the largest tax fraud worth US$165 Million. The scam was a conspiracy to divert Pay As You Go withholding tax that was owed to the Australian Tax Office (ATO). The operation is believed to have run from June 2016 to May 2017, and the scam basically raised an amount believed to be US$165 Million (Musa, 2015). The scammers took control of the Plutus Payroll Australia which was a firm that offered administration of payroll services for legitimate customers and larger cooperate, employers. In this case, the scammers set up many second tire firms into which they basically installed unrelated small time crooks and firm directors that would enable them disguised their involvement in the conspiracy. Plutus would transfer the payroll money to the second tier firm where it would pay the customer's firms payroll as needed but it would only forward part of the Pay As You Go contributions to the tax man (Jamnik, 2011). The funds dishone stly retained by Plutus and the second tire firms were transferred to the scammers through fake invoices or other bank accounts utilized to fund their lavish lifestyles. After reviewing Australian Tax Office (ATO) Code of Conduct, developing better security and use of biometrics could basically be enhanced so as to prevent such fraud and scam activities like the recent Australian Tax Office (ATO) that happened in May 2017. This security aspect will basically enable companies or tax collecting organizations from losing any of its funds through the scam. Strict measures could also be enhanced where an individual working with Australian Tax Office (ATO) is found guilty should be prosecuted and jailed on a lifetime basis. According to the scandal, the main cause of this scam was the potential loophole that enables the perpetrators to carry out the activity (Bowie, 2017). The connection and relationship between the chief perpetrator and the ATO deputy tax commissioner were also the main cause of the fraud because the scammer would get access to required files, checked restricted information of the office tax files and thus obtain viable data that aided in the fraud activity (Trevino, and Nelson, 2016). The scam had a big impact because the country lost most of its funds that were utilized by the perpetrators to fund their lavish lifestyles. From the scam, it was learned that most of the funds get lost through n authorized access to the restricted data and that proper measures should be laid up so as to prevent such activities from happening in the near future. According to the research, the corporate culture at the Australian Tax Office (ATO) is that the organization attempts to ensure that it collects enough funds for the country to ensure smooth provision of services to its citizens (Cragg, 2005). Australian Tax Office (ATO) ensures that there is transparency in its operations and that there is an equal collection of taxes from both individuals and the companies. Australian Tax Office (ATO) mission statements accentuate in contributing to the social and economic well-being of Australians by fostering willing participation in the tax and superannuation systems. Its core values involve being a leading superannuation and tax administration known for the contemporary services, expertise and also integrity for the Australians (Woodbine, 2004). According to the website, its ethos accentuates of easy goals for Australians to participate so as to have respectful and purposeful relationships. The recent Australian Tax Office (ATO) tax scandal should be the main topic in the contemporary business world because being accountants; we should ensure that we try to avoid such unethical cases because it often affects the credibility of organizations and that there will be less trust from its shareholders. Graduate employees seeking employment should basically explain how such ethical cases should be handled and reduced because most unprofessional and unethic al activities such as fraud often reduce credibility and confidence from its shareholders (Crane, and Matten, 2016). From the ELI lens report, I have been able to obtain diverse knowledge that most of the frauds carried out by organizations are usually as a result of the company employees. In the business world, we should ensure that proper managements of funds and employees have been intensified because it will enhance strict prevention of such unprofessional and unethical activities. The report has basically assisted me to gain more insight in making ethical decisions when carrying out a business or even seeking portfolio to initiate (Rooney, Mandeville, and Kastelle, 2013). Unprofessional and unethical activities should be avoided significantly because it affects the company productions and also my confidence level. My ethical lens findings may assist me to enhance the cooperate culture at the Australian Tax Office (ATO) by prioritizing the pressure between sensibility and rationality as well as equality and autonomy which will be done through paying attention to beliefs, attitudes, and behavior in the organization. This will assist me to carry out my duties effectively if I successfully gained employment with the organization. From the ethical lens, it came to my surprise that following the community wisdom and sensibilities so as to exemplify the virtues that add up for excellence in the society is an important aspect (Cragg, 2005). In this particular case, my ethical path is considered to be the best method to be utilized so as to become ethically aware and mature to my capacity to make future ethical choices in my career. Less practical activities globally about ethics can be some of the weaknesses that may basically hinder the capacity to make future ethical choices because of lack of enough information about ethics and being professional in the business world. The highlighted ethical sensibility has made me view my future job application and roles differently; this is because my profession involves being accountable to both the company and the shareholders. Shareholders expect me to be transparent and ensures that the company financial statements show the true picture of its financial statements (Oh, Park, and Ghauri, 2013). The financial statements should be prepared in accordance with the set guidelines from the FASB. Any unethical and unprofessional behavior strongly affects the company operations because in most case it reduces the credibility of its operations and that most of its customers will also lose confidence in its products. References Armendriz, B. and Labie, M., 2011.The handbook of microfinance. World scientific. Awrey, D., Blair, W. and Kershaw, D., 2013. Between law and markets: is there a role for culture and ethics in financial regulation?. Boatright, J.R., 2013.Ethics in finance. John Wiley Sons. Bowie, N.E., 2017. Business ethics: A Kantian perspective. Cambridge University Press. Chen, H.G., Yu-Chih Liu, J., Shin Sheu, T. and Yang, M.H., 2012. The impact of financial services quality and fairness on customer satisfaction.Managing Service Quality: An International Journal,22(4), pp.399-421. Chun, J.S., Shin, Y., Choi, J.N. and Kim, M.S., 2013. How does corporate ethics contribute to firm financial performance? The mediating role of collective organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior.Journal of Management,39(4), pp.853-877. Christensen, L.J., Peirce, E., Hartman, L.P., Hoffman, W.M. and Carrier, J., 2007. Ethics, CSR, and sustainability education in the Financial Times top 50 global business schools: Baseline data and future research directions.Journal of Business Ethics,73(4), pp.347-368. Cragg, W. ed., 2005.Ethics codes, corporations, and the challenge of globalization. Edward Elgar Publishing. Crane, A. and Matten, D., 2016. Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. Ferrell, O.C. and Fraedrich, J., 2015.Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education. Jamnik, A., 2011. Business ethics in financial sector. Economic Research-Ekonomska IstraÃ… ¾ivanja,24(4), pp.153-163. Musa, M.A., 2015. Islamic business ethics and finance: An exploratory study of Islamic banks in Malaysia. InDeveloping Inclusive and Sustainable Economic and Financial Systems(Vol. 4, pp. 21-36). Bloomsbury Qatar Foundation Journals. Oh, C.H., Park, J.H. and Ghauri, P.N., 2013. Doing right, investing right: Socially responsible investing and shareholder activism in the financial sector.Business Horizons,56(6), pp.703-714. Rooney, D., Mandeville, T. and Kastelle, T., 2013. Abstract knowledge and reified financial innovation: Building wisdom and ethics into financial innovation networks.Journal of Business Ethics,118(3), pp.447-459. Trevino, L.K. and Nelson, K.A., 2016.Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right. John Wiley Sons. Woodbine, G.F., 2004. Moral choice and the declining influence of traditional value orientations within the financial sector of a rapidly developing region of the Peoples Republic of China.Journal of Business Ethics,55(1), pp.43-60.

DNA Essays - DNA Replication, Okazaki Fragments, DNA Polymerase, DNA

DNA Replication DNA replication is a complex cellular function that is necessary in order to sustain life and achieve growth. Many enzymes, proteins, and other molecules work together to ensure that genetic information is replicated efficiently, quickly, and accurately. Without any one of these components, replication would be very limited in its efficacy. DNA is comprised of two strands of complementary nitrogenous bases (adenine & thymine, guanine & cytosine), five-carbon sugars (either ribose or deoxyribose), and phosphate groups. The strands of DNA are arranged in a double-helix array and are held together with hydrogen bonds. The semiconservative replication model is used to depict replication. In this model, each new double helix has one "old" strand and one "new" strand. This is yet another way in which accuracy is ensured. Because the shape of the DNA molecule is extremely important to its functionality, care must be taken to ensure that all parts of the molecule remain in their appropriate space during replication, and that no part of the strand is broken. To replicate DNA, the two strands must first be separated from one another. The first enzyme used in this process is called helicase. Helicases use the energy from ATP molecules to unwind the three-dimensional double helix. While the strand is unwinding, topoisomerase enzymes (such as gyrase) prevent the strands from being winded into a supercoil due to the torque produced by the separating action. Since each strand is comprised of complementary base pairs that have a high affinity to hydrogen-bond with one another, single-stranded binding proteins (SSBs) are attached to the strands to keep them from reattaching to one another. Once the strands are separated, work can begin to construct two new complementary strands that will ultimately attach to the existing DNA strands to form new complete DNA sequences. DNA polymerase III is the active enzyme that builds the new complementary strands. DNA polymerase III is a DNA-dependent enzyme. As such, a template (the existing separated strand) must be present to generate the new strand. DNA polymerase III requires a primer to begin its action. The primer used is a short RNA sequence with a 3' hydroxyl group that is formed by an enzyme known as primase. This primer is usually about ten nucleotides in length and is complementary to the existing DNA strand. DNA polymerase always works in the same direction: from the 5' end to the 3' end. Since DNA polymerase III always works in the 5' to 3' direction, and DNA strands are complementary, this gives rise to a few minor issues that must be dealt with. The strand in which DNA polymerase can move in the same direction as gyrase (with the replication fork) is known as the leading strand. As the strand is unwound, DNA polymerase III can easily begin to replicate the strand, as the replication fork is already moving in the 5' to 3' direction. The complementary strand is known as the lagging strand. The replication fork is necessarily moving in the 3' to 5' direction on this strand. On this strand, numerous primer sequences are inserted so that the DNA polymerase III can "backtrack" to build the new sequence as the strand is unwound. The DNA sequences between these primers, which are 1000 to 2000 nucleotides long, are known as Okazaki fragments. Once DNA polymerase III has replicated the fragments, the need arises to remove the RNA primer sequences and fuse the portions of the new strand together. The first critical enzyme used to do this is known as DNA polymerase I. This enzyme removes the primer sequence with the crucial 3' hydroxyl group and synthesizes complementary DNA to fill in the gaps left by the primers. After this is completed, yet another enzyme known as ligase is used to join the fragments. This enzyme works by forming a phosphodiester bond between the 3' hydroxyl of the new strand and the 5' phosphate group found on the Okazaki fragment. Using each enzyme to perform a specific function, DNA is successfully replicated. DNA Essays - DNA Replication, Okazaki Fragments, DNA Polymerase, DNA DNA Replication DNA replication is a complex cellular function that is necessary in order to sustain life and achieve growth. Many enzymes, proteins, and other molecules work together to ensure that genetic information is replicated efficiently, quickly, and accurately. Without any one of these components, replication would be very limited in its efficacy. DNA is comprised of two strands of complementary nitrogenous bases (adenine & thymine, guanine & cytosine), five-carbon sugars (either ribose or deoxyribose), and phosphate groups. The strands of DNA are arranged in a double-helix array and are held together with hydrogen bonds. The semiconservative replication model is used to depict replication. In this model, each new double helix has one "old" strand and one "new" strand. This is yet another way in which accuracy is ensured. Because the shape of the DNA molecule is extremely important to its functionality, care must be taken to ensure that all parts of the molecule remain in their appropriate space during replication, and that no part of the strand is broken. To replicate DNA, the two strands must first be separated from one another. The first enzyme used in this process is called helicase. Helicases use the energy from ATP molecules to unwind the three-dimensional double helix. While the strand is unwinding, topoisomerase enzymes (such as gyrase) prevent the strands from being winded into a supercoil due to the torque produced by the separating action. Since each strand is comprised of complementary base pairs that have a high affinity to hydrogen-bond with one another, single-stranded binding proteins (SSBs) are attached to the strands to keep them from reattaching to one another. Once the strands are separated, work can begin to construct two new complementary strands that will ultimately attach to the existing DNA strands to form new complete DNA sequences. DNA polymerase III is the active enzyme that builds the new complementary strands. DNA polymerase III is a DNA-dependent enzyme. As such, a template (the existing separated strand) must be present to generate the new strand. DNA polymerase III requires a primer to begin its action. The primer used is a short RNA sequence with a 3' hydroxyl group that is formed by an enzyme known as primase. This primer is usually about ten nucleotides in length and is complementary to the existing DNA strand. DNA polymerase always works in the same direction: from the 5' end to the 3' end. Since DNA polymerase III always works in the 5' to 3' direction, and DNA strands are complementary, this gives rise to a few minor issues that must be dealt with. The strand in which DNA polymerase can move in the same direction as gyrase (with the replication fork) is known as the leading strand. As the strand is unwound, DNA polymerase III can easily begin to replicate the strand, as the replication fork is already moving in the 5' to 3' direction. The complementary strand is known as the lagging strand. The replication fork is necessarily moving in the 3' to 5' direction on this strand. On this strand, numerous primer sequences are inserted so that the DNA polymerase III can "backtrack" to build the new sequence as the strand is unwound. The DNA sequences between these primers, which are 1000 to 2000 nucleotides long, are known as Okazaki fragments. Once DNA polymerase III has replicated the fragments, the need arises to remove the RNA primer sequences and fuse the portions of the new strand together. The first critical enzyme used to do this is known as DNA polymerase I. This enzyme removes the primer sequence with the crucial 3' hydroxyl group and synthesizes complementary DNA to fill in the gaps left by the primers. After this is completed, yet another enzyme known as ligase is used to join the fragments. This enzyme works by forming a phosphodiester bond between the 3' hydroxyl of the new strand and the 5' phosphate group found on the Okazaki fragment. Using each enzyme to perform a specific function, DNA is successfully replicated.

imperialism and race relations essays

imperialism and race relations essays A small Indian man by the name of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, or, more commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi, played the dominant role in securing the downfall of British rule in India. Not only did he play a pivotal role in creating an Independent India but he tried to do did it without guns or physical violence. Gandhis fight against racism and British rule in India began in South Africa when he was thrown off a train for being an Indian in a first class carriage. On returning to India he continued his goal of an independent India through policies of non-cooperation, non-violence and Satyagraha (Sanskrit for truth and firmness). Gandhi, the major leader for the movement for an Independent India was born in India. In 1988 he then went to the University College in London where he gained a degree in law and was admitted to the British bar. Gandhi, attempting to set up a law firm in Bombay had very little success. Two years later he was offered a job from a South African firm in Durban and on route to this new job he suffered major mistreatment, on the train, through injustice and racism. This sparked Gandhis fight for the rights and liberties of the Indian people. Gandhi stayed in South Africa for over twenty years, during which he gained much experience in battling colonial governments. The first being the Indian Franchise Bill passed in 1984. This meant that Indians had the right to vote withdrawn. Gandhi fought the Natal Government and managed to have little success. Although the act was changed, it was just the wording and it still did as it did before. During the Boer War Gandhi established an Ambulance Corp in support of the British after which he continued his campaign. In 1906 the Black Ordinance was introduced which meant that all Indians had to have in possession a certificate that could be demanded when ever. Gandhi opposed this with his policies of non-cooperation and satyagraha. Before Gandhi was ...

Managerial Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Managerial Decision Making - Essay Example Retribution: The first R is by far the most detrimental; the managerial application of retribution is little more than threatening. Managers in some situations resort to direct threats of punishment to create coercion. They may also utilize indirect threat’s to create an implied rather than stated punishment or coercion; this is a common form of intimidation. The major pros to utilizing retribution are the immediate effect and delivery of the manager’s task as specified. On the Con side retribution almost always creates resistance, resentment, & alienation. It also within the organization stifles innovation. Effective managers should very rarely resort to retribution as a tool; it should be reserved for crisis situations where direct action is required. Reciprocity: By definition reciprocity is nothing more than compliance by satisfying the needs of both parties. Reciprocity allows the manager to get results without creating resentment. The major pros revolve around mutual benefit. This enables the manager to achieve objectives without having to bargain or justify the objective with the employee. The Cons are the very basic prerequisite of trust and the inevitable negotiation process with the employee. From the stand point of the organization reciprocity undercuts group commitment. From the management standpoint it takes time to initialize and cannot be used effectively in a crisis situation. Reason: Reason creates a rational articulation of the management concept; subordinates recognize the value of the plan and are more supportive and positive about the manager’s task. The pros are seen as a higher group compliance and greater commitment to team principle. While reason is the most positive management tool it takes the longest period to initialize and requires the cohesion of a unified group trust and belief in the individual manager. Superiors usually rate managers that utilize reason as highly effective. Unfortunately,

Enterprise Architecture and its evolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Enterprise Architecture and its evolution - Essay Example n enterprise communicates with the other stakeholders regarding the future of the business in terms of the integrating various business perspectives offered by the stakeholders to the technical aspects of the business that will see advance in future (Giachetti, 2010). Enterprise Architecture caters for the relationship between the people within an organization, the processes involved, the enterprise technology and information, and how all these relates to the external business environment (Giachetti, 2010). Therefore, EA is a very important component for any business that wishes to advance and transform into an effective enterprise. It embarks on addressing the challenges that a business entity is facing and how such challenges can be overcome, through the provision of a mode of governance to implement and provide holistic solutions to the existing as well as potential future problems (Giachetti, 2010). Enterprise Architecture therefore indicates the desired future state of a business entity, while guiding the enterprise through the process of achieving its desired state. This sees a business move from its present simple system to advanced data and information structures that reinforce the business performance and competitive ability. This way, EA serves to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of a business (Giachetti, 2010). It is through EA that business structures are centralized, while the processes and the flow of information is streamlined to incorporate timeliness and accuracy. This way, running and management of business activities becomes an easier and successful event. The greatest advantage of EA is the fact that it indicates the desired future business state and then establishes the intermediate steps that will be undertaken to as to realize this state (Giachetti, 2010). The evolution of Enterprise Architecture can be traced to the 1990s, where the need to address the issues of complex business systems arose. It is during this period that

Catholiicism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Catholiicism - Assignment Example This prompted many natives in dedicating themselves to serving church rather that working. This is due to the then priests’ intensive evangelization for many of them were energetic and enthusiastic, which triggered vigor not only among the entire clergy but also among Catholics. Hence, this led to significant changes that conveyed difference from the 20Th era up to date assuming ethnicity and pluralism. Ethnicity encompasses an internal state of irrespective of numerous State churches comprising a single American Catholic. This is because of numerous immigrants who relocated to America each based on own ethnic group differed significantly with the other including their own credence regarding Catholics. Hence, giving rise to conflicts on whose way of worship was acceptable way of being Catholic (Albanese 71). The force was so strong that they even fought to maintain their identity similar to Irish in 19Th era. Pluralism refers to peripheral state of one church being among numerous denominations. Although Catholic comprises the minority, it poses a threat to Protestants due to demonstrations and nativist (Albanese 76). This was evident in 1834 whereby due Nativism incidence churches incurred great loses due to destruction through torching. This is because both Protestants and Catholics intended were at loggerheads whereby each intending to lead in America in terms of masses. Consequently, this prompted a catholic archbishop conceive the idea of coming up with Catholic System schools. Centrally to the initial state of evangelization by Catholics together with many becoming nuns, the onset of 20Th era was quite different. This is because of reduction of nuns as many people preferred material gain that came with white-collar jobs; hence, they saw vows regarding chastity and poverty being too demeaning. This is evident to date whereby numerous Catholics only attend church during Holy days like Good Friday, which is an

The effect of technology on Human Resource recruitment

The effect of technology on Human Resource recruitment In every organization it is important to have a right person for the right job. Recruitment and Selection plays a major role in this situation. Use of new technology is putting considerable pressure on how employers Recruit and Select staff. Talent Acquisition is a process of discovering the sources of manpower to meet requirements of the staffing schedule and to employee effective measures for attracting that manpower in adequate numbers to facilitate effective selection of efficient personnel. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE Handling humans is at the heart of almost all real-life management problems. What it takes to succeed humans? Why humans are a resource and what makes them special? The purpose of this assignment is to bring out issues involved in the management of human resources (HRM), both from the existing theory as well as practice. The assignment will examine human at work and discuss different aspects which are basic to human motivation at work and in satisfying career objectives within organisations. HRM comprises of various issues right from recruitment-selection to performance appraisal, training and development of employees in organisation and opportunity for management provided by employee diversity. My objectives were to study the key processes and policies for which the company provides vital information. INTRODUCTION John Storey (1989) defined HRM as Set of interrelated policies with an ideological and philosophical underpinning. Storey (1995) defines HRM as a distinctive approach to employment management which s seeks to achieve competitive advantage through the strategic deployment of a highly c committed and capable workforce, using an array of cultural, structural and personnel t techniques. Sainsbury is a super market which will operates its business in retail sector from t the year 1869. Sainsbury is started by James and Mary Ann Sainsburys. in UK. It has many branches located throughout the country selling different range of products. Sainsbury control a much centralised Human Resources policy in which all decisions are taken by top management. The main objective of Sainsbury is to meet customer needs successfully and provide investors with good financial return. Sainsbury aims are to provide all colleagues right opportunities to develop their skills and are well rewarded for their contribution to the success of business. Sainsbury brand is built upon providing customers quality product at fair prices. Sainsbury store have a particular emphasis on fresh, healthy, safe and tasty food and continues launching new product for the customers. Sainsbury supermarket employs 150000 colleagues and with over 19 million customers are visiting stores each week. Sainsbury offer many products such as food, grocery and other household products. They sell other brand name products as well as Sainsbury brand product, which are often cheaper than other brand names. 1. RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION AT SAINSBURY: Sainsbury offers large numbers of job opportunities available in different stores. They looking for people with good customer skills but job are available in clerical, stockroom and technical rules. Flexible contract, term time contracts and dual contracts offer colleagues to work on hours basic. Job opportunities are advertised on in-store job board, in local newspaper and at job centre plus. Sainsbury opening new supermarkets and local and central stores in many towns creating job vacancies in advance, Sainsbury recruit staff two or more months before in order to allow staff training. RECRUITMENT FOR GRADUATES: Sainsbury recruit around 100 graduates colleagues every year and more than 70 work within stores. Graduates recruitment is conducted online ay Sainsbury graduate recruitment website. Graduates are trained in all aspect of store management under trainee management scheme. Under this training period they will work in all areas of store and later doing their jobs under manager supervision. Work experience offer to school students Sainsbury encourage school students to come our stores for work experience. These placement are organised at a local level. Work-experience student work in different department during their particular time. SAINSBURY SELECTION PROCESS: 1.The first method that they use is collection curriculum vitaes(C.V),letter of Applications and Applications forms from applicant. 2.Sainsbury would then shortlist applicant and is done by recruitment manager. This shortlist of applicant is done to meet criteria that they looking for, right person for the right job. 3.Next would be the interview stage. Interview is the main stage of selecting applicants. A number of question are designed to provide a deeper insight into candidates, An interview enables candidates to present their case of selection. It will show the difference between those who are good on paper and those who have good communication skills. 4.Suitable person is selected for the job. They would judge the applicants against the person specification. 2.TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT The main purpose of training at Sainsburys are: Well trained workers will be more useful. This will help the business in increasing profit as well as achieving companys objectives. Creates a more flexible workforce It would lead to job satisfaction The attitude of the workers would be improved and therefore the image of the company and employees will feel better and more relaxed if they are trained before hand. The employee would reach their potential and the business will be profiting as well as the employee. STORE CONSTRUCTION: To prevent any kind of environmental impact caused during store construction, Sainsbury property services department works clearly with local environmental health officers to ensure that store construction creates less disruption as possible. An average of 30 weeks is taken to complete the store construction which is currently an industry best and reducing the period when local nuisance is caused. Supervisor is appointed for health and safety legislation projects. The supervisor makes sure that contractors follow procedures aimed at avoiding:-  · nuisance caused by noise, dust and smoke;  · water pollution;  · unnecessary damage to flora, fauna and archaeological features;  · Poor waste management SENIOR MANAGEMENT TRAINING Senior management training is focused to meet the business and individual needs. Through promotion, external recruitment and training, senior management capabilities can developed. Through running training courses Sainsbury aims to achieve specific benefits and training needs restructuring if these benefits are not achieved. Training and development helps Sainsbury to improve quality and service and therefore productivity can b raised. Training increases the individual motivation and creates flexibility around the workforce. INVESTORS IN PEOPLE(IIP) IIP is a national standard supported by the department for education and skills. Sainsbury became the first major food retailer to achieve Corporate Investors in people recognition. This followed a three-year programme involving 450 assessment covering 13500 Sainsbury colleagueship recognition is a unique achievement that gained from the bottom up rather than the top down. Almost every unit that makes up Sainsbury supermarket went through the process individually. Company that has been recognised by IIP is capable in adopting and implementing its four fundamental principles:- Promise to improve all employees to achieve business goals and targets; Regularly reviewing training and development needs in the context of the business; Taking relevant action to meet training and development needs throughout Peoples employment; Evaluating outcomes of training and development for individuals and the Organisation as a basis for continuous improvement 3.DIVERSITY AT SAINSBURY:- In 2004/05,Sainsbury introduced a diversity management website on internet. This site was introduced to guide about managing faith and belief, disability management and guidance on local commodity recruitment. The site is planned to help all colleagues gain more awareness of other people needs. We talk about equality and diversity policy at training to all colleagues and deliver written guidance to managers on equal opportunities and recruitment of disabled colleagues. This year Sainsbury using Disability Confident which is a new learning means to help colleagues in our stores move beyond disability awareness to become more confident in dealing with disability. Colleagues can report discrimination or harassment through our fair treatment and complaint procedure. Sainsbury began to develop plans to target older workers. It introduced retirement plan pension protection mechanisms. Full payment is received if anybody recruited until their 65th birthday. In application form age has been removed and its requested for monitoring purposely only. Mixed age workforce has led to improved customer satisfaction by perfectly reflecting the profile of their customer. Sainsburys diversity and equality policies are an important part of their business plan. All diversity and equality are anticipated to add value to improve both customer services and sales. Flexibility in covering holidays has improved as different religious festivals are spread out across the year. A calendar of religious festivals has been produced and displayed in stores. (Sainsburys case study from age positive campaign) http;//www.efa-agediversity.org.uk/case-studies/index.htm Employers forum on age case studies of employers who have adopted approaches based on the principles of age diversity 4.PERFORMANCE MANGEMENT Performance Management Performance Management is a means of getting better results from the company, individuals and teams by understanding and managing performance within an agreed framework of planned goals, standards and competence requirements. Performance Management is very crucial at Sainsburys. Sainsburys manage the performance of its employees effectively so as to remain competitive in the market. At Sainsburys, various techniques are used to know how well individual employees doing their responsibility and for the managers to be able to monitor how well they are carrying out. Performance monitoring provides information which is of value for identifying future training or promotion opportunities and areas where insufficient skills or knowledge could be judged as a threat to an employees efficiency. Managers exercise control at organisation and individual level through: planning by setting objectives and targets creating performance standards observing actual performance Comparing performance against targets correcting mistakes and taking action Management by Objectives The process described above contributes to management by objectives, in which the performance of the individual and Sainsburys is regularly being measured against objectives and targets which have been set by managers and employees. Objectives at Sainsburys are determined through discussions between managers and employees. This method will involve both a top-down and a bottom-up style. The manager at Sainsburys presents the corporate objectives and the individuals and team members then state what they feel can be achieved. The objectives are more likely to be successful if they are: Specific Measurable Agreed Realistic Time-related CONCLUSION This assignment emphasis on the importance of human resource management process prevailing Sainsburys. This assignment also gives the outlook how the organisation remain competitive in the market. Brief introduction of all processes is the following RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS Recruitment is the process of inviting people in the organisation. Caliber of its manager and workforce is the key to the success and failure of the organisation. The selection is rejecting or arranging of people. Selection tends to be negative because good percentage of people is rejected. The selection process differs from company to company but it should meet the requirement of the job. Sainsburys has a very well recognised Recruitment and Selection process for both the managers and the employees. It uses such selection process so that they can access each aspect of the people that is significant for doing job. In sainsburys HR department gives the criteria for selecting employees. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT Sainsburys has designed its own system of analysing the training needs for their employees. Training system is divided into two catagories: Task Analysis: Training for new employees Performance Analysis: Training for existing employees. Training Methods: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ On the Job Training à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Off the Job Training à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Stimulated Training Training Tools: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Audio-visual Tools `à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Programmed Learning à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Lectures à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Informal Training RECOMMENDATION I would suggest to Sainsburys introducing some new products which will give to a company a comparative advantage over their challengers. Sainsburys would be an opening of local shops located in the city centre rather than on the outskirts of the city. Customers frequently choose local shops rather than supermarkets to save time and money if they do not need large purchase, because undoubtedly in large stores often they purchase more than actually have planned. At Sainsburys, human resources management is the most important department. The right quantity of labour, skills of employees and degree of motivation. To understand if Sainsbury are competively compared to their rivals, they need to compare their prices of product with that of rivals. A way of finding out rivals information is by going undercover. A member of the Sainsbury staff could visit rivals supermarket like Asda, Tesco and note the prices that are charged for the same product that Sainsbury selling. If the prices is cheaper for that particular product that Sainsbury selling then Sainsburys have to cut down the prices for that particular product. If the prices are higher at Tesco than Sainsbury for that product, are ahead in competition over Tesco. The human resources management department at Sainsburys control the workforce and see how they perform. A poor workforce in terms of lazy workers could result in low output. Mayos theory, working in team is virtually important for Sainsburys and creates friendly environment which can increase companys profit. The human resource department get the workforce and main problem after that is keeping them happy. Rivals may look for Sainsburys existing employees by offering them better pay and promotion. The HRM department at Sainsburys should be more alert of this problem and may offer their employees more pay and promotion in order to keep existing employees. If promotion or better pay offered to employees then he/she would feel important to business. HRM needs to safeguard that Sainsbury employees right quality and quantity workers. HRM department at Sainsburys have to plan in advanced, if a manager is leaving in near future than advance planning for recruitment, interviewing and selection is important in order to safeguard department not to get suffered and business not to be affected by a member of staff leaving. Maslow theory, pay may have something to do with the employees being dissatisfied. At Sainsburys, if labour turnover is high, then is regarded as a failure by the HRM department. If labour turnover is low then is regarded as a success by the HRM department. To analyse absenteeism rate is also important. HRM seeks to ensure that absenteeism is low. High absenteeism caused lack of commitment, poor motivation and poor management by the HRM. Maintaining 100% service levels as the online business grows Sainsburys is now operating with high service levels. Even so, there is still some room for improvement to ensure that all orders are delivered in full and on time. There are a few ways in which Sainsburys could further still improve service levels; however, the law of diminishing returns would come into play at this stage and so investment would need to be able to provide definite improvements. Also, the online business is growing at a rapid rate, ahead of overall market growth. Picking such large orders from stores during busy periods could become an issue httpHYPERLINK http://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/analystreports/corporate/ovum-sainsbury-cs-170835.pdf://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/analystreports/corporate/ovum-sainsbury-cs-170835.pdf

Finance: Stocks Vs Treasury Bonds :: essays research papers

Historically speaking, stocks have been found to be no more risky than Treasury bonds. Over the past twenty years vast research has been done on this subject. Jeremy Siegel of the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School stated that, â€Å"The safest long-term investment for the preservation of purchasing power has clearly been stocks, not bonds.† Since the mid nineteen twenties, company stocks have average annual returns close to 11%, while on the other hand, Treasury Bonds only return with a little over 5%.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Currently stocks are on the rise. Since 1982 the reason for this is the declining risk premium. The return, or â€Å"risk premium,† that is required is much less. This is for several reasons. Investors have realized not to be so fearful of the great unpredictability of stocks. Instead of dropping stocks in the short run, investors are learning to hold out for the long run to see huge benefits. Secondly, Americans are now keeping stocks in accounts that require long-term holding, such as retirement accounts. Also, businesses are becoming much more efficient and the chance of undergoing devastating turn-arounds in a recession are much less. The tax environment is more generous, foreign threats have ceased dramatically, and the government management has vastly improved. The bottom line is that the risk of investing stocks is much less than it ever has been before. The level of the risk premium is heading towards zero, while currently holding at 3%. That 3% is much better than the historical average of 7%. James K. Glassman and Kevin A Hassett, authors of the book, â€Å"Dow 36,000,† claim that the prediction of the Dow reaching 36,000 is not out of the realm of possibilities. If the earnings grow in the long term at the same rate as the GDP and treasury bonds are below 6%, then it is very possible for the Dow to hit a level of 36,000. One critic of â€Å"Dow 36,000,† Burton G. Malkiel, stated that the rise in stocks that has been occurring is the beginning to an adjustment that â€Å"will only be complete when stocks and bonds are priced to offer equivalent returns, and that implies a level of 36,000 for the Dow today with a price earnings multiple of 100.† So the question remains at whether the authors of â€Å"Dow 36,000† are correct or incorrect about the arguments and predictions that they make in their book. They are correct in what they predict in their book, but they need to make sure to not lead some not-so-experienced investors down the wrong road of deception.